Anthropology (ANTH-UH)

This course provides students with a broad overview of the discipline, history, research methods, and selected contemporary issues in the field. The approach taken selects key ethnographies and uses them to explore questions of a methodological, theoretical, and substantive nature. This course is designed to introduce students to anthropological investigation and to facilitate understanding of how the discipline engages with and represents the everyday realities, challenges, and concerns of the people with whom anthropologists work.

A booming multinational industry that plays a critical role in the global economy, tourism is among the most powerful mediums of transnational encounter. Tourism is implicated in the histories of pilgrimage, colonialism, and ethnography, successfully retracing their itineraries and replicating their discourse. Before the industry ground to a halt worldwide due to the pandemic, we were at a tipping point in many major destinations, from UNESCO World Heritage sites in European cities such as Amsterdam, Barcelona, Venice and Prague to ancient cities like Machu Picchu in Peru or Angkor Wat in Cambodia. "Overtourism" has become common parlance, but as the industry recovers and people take to the road again - from backpackers to mass tourists, the need to rebuild more sustainably in a new era of travel responsibility is imperative. The course will explore the political economy and the cultural and environmental impact of tourism through an ethnographic examination of actual sites. Particular emphasis will be placed on travel stories circulating in print, social media, and exhibitions spaces such as museums, cinema, and TV - exploring their role in shaping our experiences and destination perspectives.

How do media representations reflect and affect communities? How do people exploit old and new forms of communication? How do technological mediation channel and reshape social relations? This course reviews ethnographic literature on a wide range of media including print, photography, film, television, radio, cell phones, and internet-based social networks. Each week, we explore how media use redefines a central anthropological concern, such as kinship, colonialism, mobility, religion, or violence. We continuously interrogate the diverse effects of technology, infrastructure, reception, sensation, and interaction. Engaging with both "live" and "virtual" communities, we revisit the methods and ethics of studying mediated relations. Students deliver an initial critical auto-ethnography of their own media consumption, a detailed assessment of a debate in the field, and a final project investigating a specific media community using original ethnographic research. Throughout the course, we collaboratively develop our own experimental virtual community based on the priorities and interests of the class participants. Innovative integrations of art and interactivity will be encouraged.

What does it mean to study the senses? One way to approach this is to recognize, as anthropologists do, that sensory perception, which is experienced by the individual as a physical and biological capacity to engage with the world around us, is also always a cultural act. This class explores how gender, sexuality, ethnicity and class are embodied in sensory perceptions and everyday social interactions. Students will examine how our physiological capacities are engaged and reproduced in social, economic and political relations of power which are the outcome of complex historical trajectories. Discussions include a broad range of scholarly debates on the senses and sensory perception drawn from the anthropology of the senses, human geography, cultural history, film, museum studies, impairment and disability studies, literature, and art. The class will focus in particular on how corporeal practices involving food, art, music and movement are perceived, mediated and expressed through the senses.

This course offers multiple approaches to India under broad the conceptual frameworks of caste, communalism and sectarianism. The geographical focus for the course is India, broadly conceived to include its diaspora and in relation to other South Asian states. The disciplinary location for the course is in Social and Cultural Anthropology and History. Caste is the lens through which a range of social and cultural issues such as gender, class, modernity and food are considered. Key historical moments are examined via the anthropological and historical study of communalism and sectarianism. Such key moments may include some of the following: Partition (1947), the State of Emergency (1975-77), the destruction of the Babri Masjid, Ayodhya (1992), the Gujarat riots (2002) and the Citizenship Amendment Bill (2019).

Memoir is the best-selling genre in contemporary literature. Indeed, our fascination with all things autobiographical attests to the importance of examining one particular life in order to understand larger issues concerning culture, community, race, gender and even social and global transformations. Narrative Ethnography is also a form of writing which uses the first person pronoun. In this genre, "participant observation" - actually experiencing the beliefs, rituals and life-ways of another culture first hand - is the methodology employed in order to explicitly understand not just the self, but the 'other'. What are the differences between memoir and ethnography? What kinds of knowledge travel in each? How does writing in the first person challenge other modes of knowledge production? How might memoir and ethnography contribute to our understanding of cultural and cross-cultural dialogue, while providing a post-colonial critique? In this course we examine the rhetorical and aesthetic rules that govern these genres, as well as the way they create social imaginations that go on to live political lives in the world.

What kinds of knowledge pass through the ear? In this course we understand Islam from the vantage point of aesthetics (from the Greek aisthesthai, to perceive). In particular, we explore sound knowledge - the kind of knowledge that comes through listening. What happens when we listen to Islam? And how does the concept of samaa - spiritual listening - inform the sound worlds of Islam? Examining Sunni and Shi'ite rituals, as well as celebrations, festivals, commemorations and ceremonies, we will read about and experience Islamic forms of expression order to understand the power of aesthetic performance in its local expression and on the global stage.

This course explores the lived experiences of exiles, refugees, and forced migrants, through anthropological texts on displacement, encampment, resettlement, asylum, memory, and belonging. It looks at how forced migrant identities are formed and transformed, and at notions of home, and belonging. The class examines interactions between forced migrants, aid agencies, governments and the UNHCR. The course explores each stage of forced migration, the institutions refugees encounter, the factors behind human movement, and the anthropology of social crisis. It also examines processes of flight and displacement in ethnography. We will also study the experience of encampment and its effect on social organizations, memory and identity. The class ex amines critiques of humanitarian assistance, scrutinizing micro-level practices of aid along with concerns regarding the modern state, its obligations, constraints, and approach to citizenship and belonging. The class then addresses asylum, immigration and the anthropology of borders and border crossing. To conclude, the course considers issues of integration and resettlement, examining how people make a new life in a different culture.

Dispossession and forced migration have come to be a defining feature of the contemporary Middle East. Yet involuntary movement of peoples has indelibly marked the region throughout the last 150 years. This course examines the history of forced migrations through an anthropological lens, engaging with concepts such as: space and place; ethnicity, identity; belonging, nationalism; cosmopolitanism, hybridity, and local conviviality; resilience, and integration. It engages with the forced migrations of the Circassians from the border lands of Imperial Russia, the Armenians, and the Kurds from Anatolia, and Palestinians, Iraqis and Syrians in the Levant. The course addresses these dispossessions as part of the clash of empire, carried further by the colonial, neo-colonial as well as the contemporary neo-conservative political encounters. It engages with the ways in which these peoples have developed a local cosmopolitanism and examines whether such local conviviality can survive the current displacement and eviction of peoples from Syria.

Popular discourse and media are saturated with images of violence attributed to religion. Whether it is a 'freedom of speech' dispute over cartoons, the abduction or killing of schoolgirls, or domestic violence, religion (and its proxy, 'culture'), invariably seems to be implicated. This course deploys the concepts and methods of anthropology to illuminate the complex and entangled nexus of religion, violence, and gender. We ask how and where to draw lines between religious and secular forms of violence, the ideological work of representations of gendered and racialized violence, as well as the relationship of religiosity to the production of gendered and sexualized violence. The first part of the class will deal with definitional and conceptual issues around the three key terms we explore throughout the semester: gender, religion/culture, and violence. In the second half of the course, we critically engage with existing anthropological scholarship on a range of issues of contemporary concern: 'honor' killings, sexual and minority rights, freedom of speech, violence against women, terrorism and Islamophobia, and the politics of veiling.

This course is about ethnographic research that engages art production and art that employs ethnographic methods. It associates theory with practice by adopting a combined seminar/studio format. Students will learn about precursors to art/anthropology work and about feminist and humanist reactions to positivist ethnography. They will study recent collaborations between artists and anthropologists and carry out hands-on experiments in ethnography, drawing, photography, audio recording, movement, curating, and devising participatory events in class and around the campus. This will lead to examining ideas of "experience," "immersion" and to reflection on how practice, participation and performance are part of any ethnography and encourage a critical and practical approach to multi-modal fieldwork design and artistic ethnographic practice. Throughout the course students will experiment with individual and collaborative research, reflect on the ethics of field research and the affordances of diverse media and artistic practices both in the research process and in outcomes for diverse audiences.

This course introduces students to the study of human language and its use across diverse cultural and social contexts. Inspired by the work of anthropologists, linguistics, literary theorists, novelists, and philosophers, we will examine language as more than a verbal figuration of the world but as a living social process vital to the workings and maintenance of any culture. Topics to be explored include archives, language acquisition and socialization, language contact, literacy, multilingualism, narrative, poetics, semiotics and gender, translation, writing, and other mediated communication. We will also practice different methods of linguistic analysis (the ethnography of speaking, language socialization, and conversation analysis) used to analyze communicative events across cultures.